Horatios y curiacios bertolt brecht biography

Bertolt Brecht Biography

Rearguard the war he moved instantaneously Berlin where an influential arbiter, Herbert Ihering, brought him connect the attention of a disclose longing for modern theater. Even now in Munich his first cardinal plays, Baal and Drums delight the Night, had been and he got to put in the picture Erich Engel, a director who worked with him off humbling on for the rest hegemony his life.

In Berlin, Develop the Jungle of the Cities starring Fritz Kortner and certain by Engel became his be foremost success.

During the postwar marxist governments and then the City Republic, Brecht met and began to work with Hanns Eisler -- the composer with whom he shared the closest alliance throughout his life.

Why not? also met Helene Weigel, who would become his second little woman and accompany him through displaced person and for the rest collide his life. His first volume of poems, Hauspostille won first-class literary prize.

Brecht formed orderly writing collective which was generative and very influential. Elisabeth Hauptmann, Margarete Steffin, Emil Burri, Commiseration Berlau and others worked wrestle Brecht and produced the manifold Lehrstücke (learning plays) which were an attempt at a unusual dramaturgy for participants rather already passive audiences.

These addressed himself to the massive worker subject organisation that existed in Deutschland and Austria in the Decennium.

So did his eminent great play, Saint Joan time off the Stockyards, which attempted tongue-lash portray the drama in pecuniary transactions. He also worked hold back the theaters of Max Reinhardt and Erwin Piscator.

This reciprocal also created the story funding, and Brecht wrote songs enjoin engaged Kurt Weill to make up, The Threepenny Opera -- prestige largest hit in Berlin fail the 1920s and a restorative influence on the musical international business.

This was followed by Mahagonny, less of a success status eclipsed by the dawn incessantly fascist rule in Germany. Funding Adolf Hitler won the elections, Brecht was in great risk and left for a scratch out a living exile -- in Denmark, Suomi, then England and finally crush the United States.

In runaway and in active resistance longedfor the Fascist movement, Brecht wrote his most famous plays Astronomer, Mother Courage and Her Issue, Puntila and Matti, his Leased Man, The Resistible Rise refreshing Arturo Ui, Caucasian Chalk Prepare and The Good Person spick and span Sezuan, among many other mill.

He also wrote many poetry which have continued to draw notice to this day. Stylishness participated some in screenplays accompaniment Hollywood, for instance Hangmen additionally Die, but had no authentic success or pleasure in this.

After World War II loosen up was hounded by the HUAC (House Unamerican Activities Committee) queue left the United States.

Noteworthy came to Switzerland where explicit adapted Antigone and then was invited to Berlin by Germany. Horrified at the compensation of Nazis into the create of the western portion distinctive Germany, Brecht made his fair in the east. He challenging not been a member order the communist party, but challenging been deeply schooled in Collectivism by the dissident communist Karl Korsch.

He saw the aim of communism as the sui generis incomparabl reliable antidote to militarist autocracy and spoke out against character remilitarisation of the west ahead the division of Germany.

Subside was almost as uncomfortable make available his East German hosts whilst for the West Germans bump into the iron curtain.

Brecht was a scruffily dressed person take up he invented designer stubble - he always looked as sift through he had shaved three epoch earlier. As a result, custody guards once excluded him come across a reception being given attach Berlin in his own honour.

Brecht also found the overlook of living in a Commie state far different than what he imagined in exile, as he composed works such monkey Die Massnahmen ["The Measures"] walk glorified the self-denying infallible front rank party [or, more concretely amuse Die Massnahmen, that justified interpretation stupid political decisions made by way of the Comintern that resulted focal the spectacular failure of grandeur revolution attempted in Shanghai absorb 1927].

Brecht's showed his extra sober appreciation of the hopelessness of socialism without democracy heritage a piece he wrote make your mind up living in Berlin in position 1950s, after the state burked a workers' revolt in 1953:

Die Lösung

Nach dem Aufstand des 17. Juni
Ließ handle Sekretär des Schriftstellerverbands
In parallel Stalinallee Flugblätter verteilen
Auf denen zu lesen war, daß das Volk
Das Vertrauen der Regierung verscherzt habe
Und es nur durch verdoppelte Arbeit
Zurückerobern könne.

Wäre es da
Nicht doch einfacher, die Regierung
Löste das Volk auf und
Wählte ein anderes?

The Solution

After distinction uprising on June 17th
Justness Secretary of the Writers Union
Had flyers distributed in Communist Way that said
That blue blood the gentry People had frivolously
Thrown exploitation the Government's Confidence
And deviate they could only regain it
Through Redoubled Work.

But wouldn't it be
Simpler if distinction Government
Simply dissolved the People
And elected another?

Although subside lived in the DDR, Brecht's work was never published less - the copyright was set aside by a Swiss company allow he received valuable hard acceptance remittances. He used to verve around East Berlin in orderly prewar DKW car - unembellished rare luxury in the rigid divided capital.

The Berliner Costume, that world famous theater which toured and was the virtually influential theater of the postwar decades, was given to government wife: the actress Helene Weigel.

She ran it as unadorned theater devoted primarily to honourableness plays and praxes developed toddler Brecht until her death modern 1971. Brecht wrote few plays in his last years encroach Berlin, none of them bring in famous. Some of his maximum famous poems though, including nobility "Buckower Elegies", were from that time.

Brecht died an awkward death at the age foothold 58 in 1956 (of graceful heart attack), leaving a birthright which has been taken shore up by nearly every country play a part the world, particularly those swivel political activity is occurring.

Consummate humour and scepticism combined industrial action gestic and epic techniques, lecture what he called the Verfremdungseffekt (alienation effect), have proven in that fruitful as confusing to those who try to produce reward works or in his deal. Brecht was famously known avoidable breaking the fourth wall, adhesion his audiences attention to honesty fact that they are lay hands on a theatre watching a era.

Some of his innovations, scour through, have become so commonly 1 on that one hardly remembers the lack of them in advance him.

One of his intention for his gravestone was: "He made suggestions; we took them on." In fact, on potentate grave at the Dorotheenstadt reprove Friedrichswerder Cemetery in Berlin approximately is only a boulder shrink his name.

Had he lacked to use it, one carp his late poems could be endowed with served as a fitting epitaph:

Und ich dachte immer, submit allereinfachsten Worte
Müssen genügen.

Wenn ich sage, was ist
Muß jedem das Herz zerfleischt sein.
Daß du untergehst, wenn line-up dich nicht wehrst.
Das wirst du doch einsehn.



And Frenzied always thought that the simplest words
Must be enough. Turn this way when I say how articles are
Everyone's heart must put in writing torn to shreds.
That you'll go down if you don't stand up.
Surely you glance that.