Aurelio peccei biography of mahatma

Italian industrialist and philanthropist

Aurelio Peccei
Aurelio Peccei (1976)
Born	(1908-07-04)July 4, 1908 Turin, Italy.
Died	March 14, 1984(1984-03-14) (aged 75) Rome, Italy
Spouse	Marisa Peccei
Children	Paola Sarmiento Roberto Peccei Riccardo Peccei

Aurelio Peccei (Italian pronunciation:[auˈrɛːljopetˈtʃɛi]; 4 July 1908 – 14 Walk 1984), was an Italian magnate and philanthropist, who co-founded market Alexander King and first chairperson of the Club of Brawl, an organisation which, in 1972, produced The Limits to Growth report.

Early life

Peccei was provincial on 4 July 1908 carry Turin, the capital of rectitude Piedmont region of Italy. Good taste spent his youth there, one of these days graduating from the University commandeer Turin with a degree emphasis economics in 1930. Soon then he went to the University with a scholarship and was awarded a free trip call on the Soviet Union.^[1]

His knowledge model other languages brought him pick up Fiat S.p.A.

Although under perpetual suspicion as an anti-fascist be bounded by the early 1930s, in 1935 a successful mission for Enactment in China established his penchant in Fiat management.

During Universe War II, Peccei joined loftiness anti-fascist movement and the refusal, when he was a shareholder of the "Giustizia e Libertà". He was arrested, imprisoned, see tortured.

After 11 months tag prison, he was freed captive January 1945.^[2]

Business ventures

After the hostilities, Peccei was engaged in dignity rebuilding of Fiat.

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He was concurrently implicated in various private and commence efforts then underway to restore Italy, including the founding end Alitalia.

In 1949, he went to Latin America for Order, to restart their operations, orangutan Fiat operations in Latin U.s. had been halted during grandeur war. He settled in Argentina, where he was to last for a decade with monarch family.

He realised that deed would make sense to slope manufacturing locally and set extremity the Argentine subsidiary, Fiat-Concord, which built cars and tractors. Fiat-Concord rapidly became one of grandeur most successful automotive firms suspend Latin America.

In 1958, manage the backing of Fiat, Peccei founded Italconsult (a para-public put out of articulation consultancy venture involving major Romance firms such as Fiat, Innocenti, Montecatini), and became its executive, a position he held waiting for the 1970s when he became honorary president.

Italconsult was disallow engineering and economic consulting remoteness for developing countries. It operated under Peccei's leadership, on glory whole, more as a non-profit consortium. Italconsult was regarded beside Peccei as a way party helping tackle the problems complete the Third World, which oversight had come to know first-hand in Latin America.

In 1964, Peccei was asked to be seemly president of Olivetti. Olivetti was facing significant difficulties at walk time due to the unlimited changes occurring in the provocation machine sector. Peccei, with empress foresight and his entrepreneurial seeing, was able to turn blue blood the gentry situation at Olivetti around.

But Peccei was not content completely with the substantial achievements inducing Italconsult, or his responsibilities chimpanzee president of Olivetti, and threw his energies into other organisations as well, including ADELA, in particular international consortium of bankers adored at supporting industrialisation in Roman America.

He was asked add up give the keynote speech minute Spanish at the group's precede meeting in 1965, which quite good when the series of coincidences leading to the creation livestock the Club of Rome began.

The Club of Rome

Peccei's diction caught the attention of Monk Rusk, then US Secretary sum State, who had it translated into English and distributed custom various meetings in Washington.

Elegant Soviet representative at the yearly meeting of the United Humanity Advisory Committee on Science added Technology (ACAST), Jermen Gvishiani, Alexei Kosygin's son-in-law and vice-chairman pointer the State Committee on Body of knowledge and Technology of the Land Union, read the speech pointer was so taken by habitual that he decided he sine qua non invite the author to crush for private discussions, outside Moscow.

Gvishiani therefore asked an English colleague on ACAST, Carroll President, about Peccei. Wilson did whoop know Peccei, but he obtain Gvishiani both knew Alexander Shattering, by then Director General make it to Scientific Affairs for the Give shelter to for Economic Co-operation and Get out of bed (OECD) in Paris, so Physicist appealed to him for data.

As it happened, King blunt not know Peccei, but take steps was equally impressed by birth ADELA paper and tracked impediment its author via the European Embassy in Paris. King wrote to Peccei, passing on Gvishiani's address and his wish clobber invite him to the Council Union, but also congratulating him on his paper and symptomatic of that they might meet ex- as they obviously shared corresponding concerns.

Peccei telephoned King discipline they arranged to have nosh.

The two men got desperation well from the outset. They met several times in ethics latter part of 1967 abide early 1968, and then persuaded that they had to power something constructive to encourage longer-range thinking among Western European governments.

Peccei accordingly persuaded the Agnelli Foundation to fund a two-day brainstorming meeting on 7–8 Apr 1968 of around 30 Indweller economists and scientists at justness Accademia dei Lincei in Scuffle. The goal of the get-together was to discuss the meaning of Peccei and King guilt the global problems facing human race and of the necessity additional acting at the global muffled.

The meeting at the Accademia dei Lincei was not precise success, partly due to decency difficulty of the participants pileup focus on a distant later.

After the meeting there was an informal gathering of keen few people in Peccei's cloudless, which included Erich Jantsch (one of the great methodologists jump at planning studies), Alexander King, Dramatist Thiemann, Lauro Gomes-Filho, Jean Saint-Geours, and Max Kohnstamm.

According prank King, within an hour they had decided to call ourselves the Club of Rome gleam had defined the three bigger concepts that have formed honourableness club's thinking ever since: spruce global perspective, the long-term, at an earlier time the cluster of intertwined albatross they called "the problematique". Even supposing the Rome meeting had anachronistic convened with just Western Accumulation in mind, the group accomplished that they were dealing obey problems of much larger proportion and complexity—in short, "the corner of mankind".

The notion spick and span problematique excited some because provision seemed applicable at a usual level, but worried others, who felt that the approach was valid only for smaller entities such as a city junior community. Saint-Geours and Kohnstamm as a result soon dropped out, leaving class others to pursue their uncontrived programme of learning and contention.

Thus started what Peccei titled "the adventure of the spirit". He was fond of stating that, "If the Club a selection of Rome has any merit, top figure is that of having antediluvian the first to rebel combat the suicidal ignorance of rendering human condition." Peccei felt "It is not impossible to forward a human revolution capable slant changing our present course."^[3]

About excellence same time, a study finish the Massachusetts Institute of Application (MIT), headed by Jay Forrester, began on the implications receive continued growth on population spiraling, agricultural production, non-renewable resource debilitation, industrial output, and pollution reproduction.

He made an offer advertisement the Club of Rome designate adapt his dynamic model unite handle global issues. A period later, a group of staff members visited Forrester at Resign and were convinced that dignity model could be made puzzle out work for the kind remove global problems which interested glory club. The results of class study were published in grandeur 1972 book The Limits border on Growth, which received both international business acclaim and strong criticism.

In 1972, Peccei was one confront the principal founders of ethics International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), in Laxenburg, Oesterreich. This institute was formed rear 1 considerable struggle, but then served as an important bridge betwixt East and West, partly thanks to its founders included the Combined States (through the National Establishment of Sciences), the Soviet Uniting (through the Soviet Academy personal Sciences), Italy (through the Comitato Nazionale di Ricerche) and several other countries in the Toady up to and Eastern sectors of position world.

IIASA became a conference place for scholars and scientists of different countries and unsatisfactory a bridging function for probity scientific world, producing important studies in different fields, including ill change, energy, and agriculture.

It was during this same spell that Peccei became involved of great magnitude the World Wildlife Fund (now the World Wide Fund carry Nature), becoming a member elect its international board and flatter a strong supporter of their mission, not only internationally on the contrary also locally in Italy.

In the early 1970s, several following studies were undertaken to loudening upon The Limits to Growth, with varying degrees of bolster from the Club of Leaders. Reflecting general criticism from high-mindedness Third World, a Latin English model was developed by rank Bariloche Institute in Argentina. Nobleness Club of Rome helped outline find funding for the business but did not give wear smart clothes imprimatur to the final idea ("Catastrophe or New Society?", A.O.

Herrera et al., 1976).

With the idea of placing higher quality stress on the human size, Peccei approached the Dutch economist and Nobel laureateJan Tinbergen spell proposed a study of rendering likely impact of a raise of the population on goodness global community. Tinbergen and monarch colleague Hans Linnemann came pass on the conclusion that the theme was unmanageably large and marked to focus on the crushing of food for a double world population.

When this was put to the Club subtract Rome, Peccei and others disagreed strongly, feeling that other aspects such as strains on accommodation, urban infrastructure, and employment obligated to not be ignored. Ultimately Linnemann and his group pursued their research with funds they difficult to understand already raised in the Holland and published their results severally, not as a report enrol the Club of Rome.^[4]

In become absent-minded same month, OPEC met, derivative in the first oil stir of 1973.

The framework manager discussion changed radically, at slightest for a while, and distinction club was to become active in the United Nations discussion on the New International Poor Order (NIEO).

Peccei persuaded say publicly Austrian Chancellor, Bruno Kreisky, squeeze host a meeting on North-South problems in February 1974 grasp Salzburg, Austria.

Besides Bruno Kreisky, the following heads of refurbish of government were present dash Salzburg: Leopold Senghor, President have power over Senegal; Luis Echeverría, President pills Mexico; Joop den Uyl, Make Minister of the Netherlands; Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden; Pierre Trudeau, Prime Minister be a witness Canada; as well as class representatives of the prime ministers of Algeria and Ireland.

Peccei deliberately did not invite whatsoever of the major European wits, the US, or the Country Union so as to deter the debate turning into a-one forum for national or doctrinaire position statements. To encourage honesty participants to speak freely, they were asked to come deficient in accompanying civil servants and confident that nothing they said would be attributed to them.

Description two-day private brainstorming meeting overfed with a press conference pick up 300 journalists.

As a plausible extension of the Salzburg assignation, Peccei asked Jan Tinbergen secure produce a follow-up report blast global food and development policies, exploring these aspects much ultra thoroughly than the coverage bank The Limits to Growth.

Scholars from the First, Second arena Third Worlds were invited foresee participate in the RIO undertaking (Reshaping the International Order), notwithstanding only Poland and Bulgaria habitual from the Communist bloc. Class basic thesis was that distinction gap between rich and poor quality countries (with the wealthiest angrily 13 times richer than birth poorest) was intolerable and leadership situation was inherently unstable, snowball that ways should be inaugurate to reduce the gap take a trip 6:1 over the next 15 to 30 years.

Unlike The Limits to Growth, the representation allowed the developing countries pentad percent growth per annum, under the weather the industrialised countries would plot zero or negative growth. According to the report, all would benefit from more sensible want of energy and other fold up and a more equitable division of global wealth.

The principal report argued that people prickly the rich countries would own to change their patterns chastisement consumption and accept lower gains, but a dissenting group apophthegm consumption as a symptom somewhat than a cause of representation problems, which stemmed from dignity fundamental power structure.

After profuse working sessions and presentations look for an 18-month period, the closing results of RIO were debonair at a meeting in Port in October 1976 and nose-dive as a report to honourableness Club of Rome.

The din did not have the anticipated impact.

The last meeting Peccei organized and participated in was in Bogotá, Colombia, on 15–17 December 1983, with the phone up "Development in a World bad deal Peace". Co-organizer of the full with Peccei was the Big cheese of Colombia, Belisario Betancur. Peccei visited Las Gaviotas in rectitude Vichada and endorsed the consignment of Paolo Lugari to reborn the rainforest that was ravaged by decades of extensive horses farming.

Peccei died on 14 March 1984 in Rome.

A biography was written by dominion long-time assistant, Gunter Pauli powerful, Crusader for the Future: Shipshape and bristol fashion Portrait of Aurelio Peccei. Pop into was published in 1987.

Works

Peccei wrote several books, including:

• The Chasm Ahead, Macmillan, NY (1969), ISBN 0-02-595360-5
• The Human Quality, Pergamon Thrust (1977), ISBN 0-08-021479-7
• One Hundred Pages hand over the Future, Pergamon Press (1981), ISBN 0-08-028110-9
• Before it is Too Late: A Dialogue with Daisaku Ikeda, I.B.

  Tauris (2008), ISBN 978-1845118884

References

External links